4 Top Trekking Safety Tips

As someone who should be a seasoned hiker, but continues to make stupid mistakes, I've compiled a few tips to help you before you head out for your hiking excursion. So basically, a "Don't Do What Ashley Did" list specifically for trekking up those big ol' rocks we call mountains. [caption id="attachment_1927" align="alignnone" width="960"] Look! It's nature. And it's probably trying to kill you.[/caption]

1) Know Where You Plan to Go

You may know what trek you want to take and have done your online research, but make sure you've studied a trail guide and actual trail map before setting foot on the path. Know the distances, elevation gains and where to go in case of forks in the path. The hike you're planning should be within your group's abilities and the time you have alloted to reach your destination and complete the hike. Some trails, especially popular ones, are well marked and easy to navigate. Some trails are little more than a narrow, winding path with diverging forks. If you want to navigate successfully, I'd recommend printing or purchasing a trail map, but also taking a photo of any trail signs along the way for reference. Trail maps are usually available for purchase in the park information office or at the park gate.

2) Check the Conditions

Check the trail conditions of your intended hike to ensure that your desired trail is open and if you need any special equipment like rain gear, hiking poles, ice cleats, crampons, or headlamps. If you're winter hiking, definitely check the avalanche conditions as well. Check the forecast for the nearest available location on the days before AND day of your planned hike - weather conditions are more severe and unpredictable in the mountains. Prepare for extremes on either end of the spectrum by dressing in layers, bringing gloves and a toque (hats/beanies), and ensuring your outer layer is waterproof. In summer, the sun is extra harsh at mountain altitude and you will burn faster - wear sunscreen and don't forget to reapply. Bug spray is paramount when the mosquitos emerge. They can really suck the fun out of your hike.

3) Leave Extra Time

When you're visiting a national park in Canada, you need to stop at the park gates and buy a pass - daily or annual - to display in your vehicle. The lines can be super long and only the annual Discorvery Pass can be bought in advance, so leave extra time to sit in line if needed. If it's peak season (May to September in Canada), findind a parking spot at the trailhead can sometimes be tricky. Plan to arrive early to secure a spot or be prepared to walk from auxilliary parking or the next nearest trailhead. Lastly, always overestimate how long a hike will take. Depending on the trail conditions, the popularity/traffic on the trail, and your interests (like stopping for every bird and squirrel), the estimated hiking time could come up short of what you actually need.

Factor in extra time to make sure you arrive safely back to your vehicle or are able to set up your campsite before dark, keeping in mind the sun sets earlier in the mountains.

Because there are these giant rocky things protruding into the sky called mountains that can block out the sunlight.

4) Take Safety Seriously

Start with ensuring someone not on the hike knows where you are going and when you're expected back. If the worst happens, no one can call for a rescue if they don't know you're missing. You can't rely on cellular service in the backcountry.

Both you and your contact should know who to call in an emergency - find the number for the local park wardens or call 911 for emergency services in Canada.

A few on-hand measures in your daypack can bring peace of mind. Specifically, pack a first aid kit, pocket knife, a snack and extra water in case you're delayed. I recommend bringing a signalling device to help get the attention of help or enable search and rescue to more easily find you in an emergency. A signal mirror, bright piece of clothing or my personal recommendation of a Fox 40 whistle are easy to put in your pocket or pack and could speed your rescue in case of emergency. In North America's mountain ranges, it's important to be bear aware.

Avoid encountering bears by making noise (talking or singing), stay on paths, keep dogs leashed and contain any food or trash with food smells.

Bear bells and whistles do not work - in fact, the commonly sold bear whistles sound like marmots, which are a prey animal for bears. In case of a run in with a bear, the most effective deterrent is bear spray (high power pepper spray). You should carry bear spray with you at all times on the trail, have it easily accessible and know how to use it. Practice removing the safety tab and pointing the spray in the right direction. You don't want to fumble during an actual encounter. Or just stand there wheeze-laughing as a wild turkey attacks your mom... [caption id="attachment_1954" align="alignnone" width="2448"] Don't let his bear bum fool you. Those cinnamon paws hold serious claws.[/caption]   I've made many of these mistakes so you don't have to! Ultimately, your safety is your responsibility. Being prepared before you hit the trail will help you hike with confidence and be able to pick up the pieces if things take a turn. Have fun! Don't die.